Atticus Finch Quotes In To Kill A Mockingbird - 1310 Words

Harper Lee’s, ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’, set in 1930’s Alabama during the depression error creates various representations of different racial and ethnic groups. The hero of the novel, Atticus Finch is shown to challenge the dominant racist and prejudice values of the Maycomb citizens through his representation as courageous, empathetic and carrying as well as his belief in equality. Using a variety of language features Lee skilfully positions the reader to view Atticus positively though his beliefs and actions. In ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ Atticus Finch is portrayed as courageous, due to his wiliness to do the right thing despite his awareness of the ridicule he will face. Throughout the novel the author develops the image of Atticus’s†¦show more content†¦In the novel Atticus was chosen to shoot the mad dog as he was the best shot which, symbolises that he was chosen to defend Tom Robinson as he was Tom’s best chance of receiving a fair trial. The symbol of the mad dog indicates the Atticus is prepared to do the hard jobs despite the ridicule he will face from the Maycomb citizens, further constructing the representation of him as brave. In the novel Atticus is shown to admire the courage of Mrs Dubose as he stated, â€Å"she was the bravest person I ever knew† and wants Jem and Scout to share the same value as indicated in the quote: I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It’s about when your licked when you begin, but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. Atticus description of courage closely matches the events of the trial, as despite Atticus new the majority of Maycomb would be opposed to Tom Robinson he defended him anyone to the best of his ability to the very end, generating image of his admirable courage. Atticus’s bravery is developed throughout the novel as he is willing to resist the dominant values of racism and prejudice of the Maycomb citizens despite the derision he will receive. The representation of Atticus Finch’s strong belief in equality positions the reader favourably towards his character. Atticus’s strong belief in the law and equality is effectively demonstrated in the quote: In our courts,Show MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreThe English Assessment Task For Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1360 Words   |  6 Pages‘To Kill A Mockingbird’ Essay â€Å"Whether Maycomb knows it or not, we’re paying him the highest tribute we can pay a man. We trust him to do right.† To what extent are life values and lessons reflected throughout the novel ‘To Kill A Mockingbird’? The great degree that Harper Lee reflects life values and lessons throughout ’To Kill A Mockingbird’ is elucidated through the teachings of the main adult protagonist, Atticus Finch. Over three summers, Atticus guides his children, Scout and Jem Finch, throughRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1082 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill A Mockingbird Caring and noticeable is Harper Lees, To Kill a Mockingbird take readers to the source of humans action, through faults and experiment, kindness and trouble, hatred and love, and the struggle between blacks and whites. Atticus Finch is a lawyer and a single parent at Maycomb town in the 1930’s. He was set by the judge to defend the guy who was charged with raping a white woman: Tom Robinson(Black man). Friends and neighbors of Atticus Finch were not happy with the fightRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Analysis874 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"‘Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit’em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird’† (Lee 119). The meaning of the quote is mockingbirds dont do anything but, sing for us to enjoy. Mockingbirds only want to bring happiness in the world like some characters in To Kill A Mockingbird. Harper Lee stated this quote in the book to get us thinking about how Atticus Finch, Tom Robinson, and Boo Radley are mockingbirds. Tom Robinson just wanted to help Mayella Ewell but, got accused of rapingRead MoreUse Of Extraordinary Distinct Characters With Personalities That Are Set Apart For Each Individual Character911 Words   |  4 Pages To Kill Mockingbird In this book To Kill Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, there is a long list of extraordinary distinct characters with personalities that are set apart for each individual character in the book. Atticus Finch in Harper Lee’s novel presented as a humble, caring, moral, stern but loving, character in this book, and being a single father with 2 kids younger than the age of ten, he should be a main role model for older fathers. Atticus does many things in this novel thatRead MoreRacism, Justice, Social Expectations And Corruption1014 Words   |  5 Pagesultimate measure of a man is not where he stands in moments and convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy.† This statement perfectly portrays the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. These characters are: Tom Robinson, Atticus Finch, Arthur (Boo) Radley, and Scout Finch. The themes in this novel are racism, justice, social expectations and corruption, these themes can be seen through the racist attitudes towards Tom Robinson, the unjust decision to charge TomRead MoreTheme Of Innocence In To Kill A Mockingbird1374 Words   |  6 Pages Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mocki ngbird is best known as a literary classic, telling the tale of a young girl named Jean Louise â€Å"Scout† Finch’s childhood in a southern Alabama town during the great depression. While the fate of a black male convicted of rape still looms in the synopsis. To Kill a Mockingbird the title of the novel, refers to a quote on page 119. Both said by Atticus Finch the town of Maycombs lawyer and Miss Maudie his neighbor, â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird†. As said by Miss MaudieRead MoreQuotes To Kill A Mockingbird1096 Words   |  5 Pagessaid. ‘Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs, they don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it is a sin to kill a mockingbird.’ † (Lee 119) This symbolic and significant statement is found being spoken by Miss Maudie, a neighbor Jem and Scout were extremely fond of. Throughout the entire book, these incredible words find themselves thought of constantly by the reader. The mockingbird MissRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Finch Hero Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesAtticus Finch, American Hero Whether in the form of a living person or a fictional character from a book or movie, heroes are prevalent in everyones life. The typical view of a hero is someone who fights crime or saves people from mortal peril, but the true definition of a hero is a person of distinguished courage admired for their brave deeds and noble qualities. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, Atticus Finch is the true definition of hero. Although he wasnt seen as a heroRead MoreAnalyse How the Theme of Courage Is Presented Within to Kill a Mockingbird1092 Words   |  5 PagesAnalyse how the theme of courage is presented within To Kill A Mockingbird Courage is the quality of mind that enables one to face danger with confidence, resolution, and gain a firm control of oneself. Harper Lee’s ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ tells the story of an alleged rape case in a southern small town, in the eyes of a young girl named, Scout. The theme courage is presented many times in the novel and there are numerous examples of it. Atticus is one of the main characters in the novel and portrays

The Interview Process For Oshkosh - 1765 Words

There are many jobs that I have applied to and went through the interview process but the one that stood out the most to me is when I applied for Oshkosh. This job I’m still at because I love my boss and it’s a job that I feel at home with. I will talk about the interview process. How I was initially selected, substantively selected, and ultimately contingently selected this theory comes from the book. Lastly how after working there for about 5 months I got put into a temporary part time supervisor leadership role. I found out about the job at Oshkosh from a friend that knew the manager there. I went in and applies for the job and when I turned in the application I made sure to turn it into the manager so that I could meet her. Then next†¦show more content†¦Some of the first questions that you get asked is about yourself and why you want to work for Oshkosh: Why are you interested in working at Oshkosh? Why did you leave your previous employment? Where do you see yourself in 5 years? (Oshkosh Interview) With these questions Angie asked many follow up questions to better get to know me so that she could make the right decision about hiring me. Most employees that get hired go through two interviews one with a part time supervisor or assistant manager and then the manager themselves. But with my interview process I just interviewed with Angie the manager and no one else. When thinking back to what was going on at the time at that store it was falling apart. Angie had just moved to this store to become the manager from Lincoln City Carters, which Carters is a sister store to Oshkosh. Many of the employees and management was leaving because they didn’t want to work for Angie, which meant that Angie was looking for a whole new staff in her new store. There is only one question in each of the five main topic questions here is the questions for each topic: People OPs/LP (Operations/Lost prevention): Can you describe a situation in your current or prior positions that highlights your dependability? What did you do? What was the outcome? Teamwork: Can you describe a time when you helped a teammate complete a task that you were not directly

Life of Pi and Religion Free Essays

In the first part of Life of Pi, Pi Patel tells the reader about important memories from his childhood before the ship accident and his adventure as a castaway at sea. It is from these memories that we see a real development of Pi’s character; we come to better understand his thoughts and standings on life, religion, and the knowledge he gained from his family and others. One of his many musings about religion and the integration of it into our lives appears in Chapter 22, where he describes the end of two individuals lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Life of Pi and Religion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both see a white light overtaking them. One person recognizes that it is God, in one form or another, overtaking them and drawing them in from their moral life, and they become believers. The other stays stubborn in his scientific reasoning, and dismisses the white light as a visual phenomenon that is caused by a lack of oxygen to his central nervous system. Pi does not necessarily dismiss either as false, but claims that the scientific person â€Å"lack(ed) imagination and miss(ed) the better part of the story. This is precisely one of the major ideas of Life of Pi, that despite what life throws at you, you can choose how you perceive reality and make a better story out of it, should you choose to do so. Pi sees religion as one of the greatest ways to engage the human imagination and take full advantage of life. It would appear as though Pi is claiming that even if religion isn’t true, it is more exciting to live your life as though it were than to live with the mind of an atheist, that there is a â€Å"better story† through a life of religion. And this may well be true, that belief in a higher purpose is more fulfilling than belief in our existence being a natural phenomenon devoid of God. But if you choose religion to be your â€Å"story,† then does it truly become reality? In the case of Pi, he tells us that we can shape our reality. But to truly analyze this statement, we must define reality. Though Pi suggests that reality is a truth based on personal perspective, common sense affirms otherwise. There is reality, in the sense of what truly has taken place, and there is what people believe, they can be unified or separate of one another, but to be both would be a paradox. If there were no reality underlying life, then we would need no judicial systems in the world, for certainly if the accused believes they are innocent, then we should not dare call them false by the convictions of our own reality. No one could lie either, for reality would be relative to perspective and one cannot expect his or her own reality to align with the other party’s reality. Furthermore, we could not chastise children for stealing from one another, for they truly believe that they should take what they want, and we must not punish them for simply living out their own reality. There is much â€Å"meat† lacking in Pi’s statement, but such is to be expected in his case. It is important to consider one fact in all that he says-the story’s setting is during his childhood. For one so young in the world, he speaks rather firmly on some considerable matters, of religion and how to live a fulfilling life. Pi talks as though he had lived a lifetime-worth of social and religious observations that give him qualification to speak so adamantly. Yet he is not stubborn, or narrow-minded, he simply has faith in himself. This mindset of faith in self can be expected from a person of any religion, which includes Pi since, basically, he has created a religion of his own, one that involves the idea of incorporating other religions. More importantly, children also hold this view, a belief in their own perspective. The story with the animals is certainly the more preferable story to read. If the book were made from the second story, it would be quite boring. But this is not to say that the second story is not the better one. Yann Martel simply chose to write the first one with more embellishment and elements that create a good story, a more positive story of steadfast courage and personal triumph. He wrote the second story to sound blockish, horrid, and unpleasantly real. The second story is the reality and the first one is Pi’s askew take on reality. I do however think that if you incorporate the first story into the character of Pi in the second story, therefore making the second story more â€Å"story-like† by giving Pi characterization, the second story would be the better one, and the most real. It would be a tale of a castaway, who must endure the mutilation of other castaways, one being his mother, at the hand of a deranged Frenchman, who evidentially dies, leaving the boy alone in the lifeboat. But through all of this, the boy imagines that he is sailing on an incredible journey with animals, and they see many wondrous things, and through his struggles comes to look back on the journey as the one with animals, and not the horrid truth. Ah, but wait-that is the true story of the Life of Pi, the third story, the one that is not told explicitly but is instead derived by the combining of truth and perspective to mold an ultimate reality. How to cite Life of Pi and Religion, Essay examples

Othello Shakespeares Most Tragic Play Essay Example For Students

Othello: Shakespeares Most Tragic Play Essay Othello: Shakespeares Most Tragic PlayWilliam Shakespeare have written many plays. His most tragic play is Othello. Othello is also the name of the main character in the play, he is quite hard tounderstand. In order to have a better understanding of Othellos character,examining his changes throughout the play, flaws and why he is considered atragic hero will give the reader an insight of his overall personality. Othello changes many times throughout the course of the play. At thebeginning of the play Othello trusts Desdemona with everything, but throughoutthe play he loses confident in her because he listens to Iagos suggestionsabout her. Cassio, my lord? No, sure, I cannot think it That he would sneakaway so guilty like, Seeing you come.' (Shakespeare 105). He shows disrespectto Desdemona in front of other people. Devil he strikes her I have notdeserved this.' (141). Othello changes even more dramatically because of thepoison suggestions that Iago has given him. He goes out of control andeventually kills Desdemona thinking that she has did something wrong. Othello has many tragic flaws. He is a really gullible person, forexample he was tricked by Iago; thinking that Desdemona was really having anaffair with Cassio. Did he confess it?' (134). He trusts Iago too muchand totally relies on Iago therefore making him really vulnerable to Iagosevilish schemes. Othellos gullibility causes him to be jealous. He lets hisjealousy take over, he looses control of himself and acts on his jealousemotions, he lets his jealousy clutter his mind and good judgment. Damn her,lewd minx! O, damn her, damn her! Come go with me part. I will withdraw Tofurnish me with some swift means of death. For the fair devil. Now are the mylieutenant' (122). Othellos other flaw is his anger. Othello acts upon hisanger and therefore ends up doing the things he regrets afterwards. It is toolate. O Lord, O Lord, Lord! he smothers her(168). Therefore by examiningthose points Othello has many tragic flaws in him. Othello is considered a tragic hero because he fights for the people inVenice in Cyprus. The Turk with a most mighty preparation makes for Cyprus. Othello, the fortitude of the place is best known to you. (70). He islooked upon as a hero by the Duke of Venice. The Duke praises Othello for hisabilities and accomplishments. He is considered to be tragic because he hasfallen in to the trap of Iago. Also Othello ends up killing Desdemona and thencommits suicide for the wrongful slaying of his wife. I took by ththroatthe circumcised dog And smote him thus. He stabs himself (180). The moorkills himself because he takes responsibility for what he did, which makes himthe tragic hero. Othello is considered the most tragic Shakespeare play. Othello is acharacter of many possibilities. His character is quite intriguing, the changeshe goes through, the flaws among him and why he is considered a tragic herogives us a detailed explanation of Othello as an overall person.

A Reality Of Presence Essays - Emotions, The Bluest Eye, Anger

A Reality of Presence A Reality of PresenceIn The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison shows that anger is healthy and that it is not something to be feared; those who are not able to get angry are the ones who suffer the most. She criticizes Cholly, Polly, Claudia, Soaphead Church, the Mobile Girls, and Pecola because these blacks in her story wrongly place their anger on themselves, their own race, their family, or even God, instead of being angry at those they should have been angry at: whites. Pecola Breedlove suffered the most because she was the result of having others' anger dumped on her, and she herself was unable to get angry. When Geraldine yells at her to get out of her house, Pecola's eyes were fixed on the ?pretty? lady and her ?pretty? house. Pecola does not stand up to Maureen Peal when she made fun of her for seeing her dad naked but instead lets Freida and Claudia fight for her. Instead of getting mad at Mr. Yacobowski for looking down on her, she directed her anger toward the dandelions she once t hought were beautiful. However, ?the anger will not hold?(50), and the feelings soon gave way to shame. Pecola was the sad product of having others' anger placed on her: ?All of our waste we dumped on her and she absorbed. And all of our beauty, which was hers first and which she gave to us?(205). They felt beautiful next to her ugliness, wholesome next to her uncleanness, her poverty made them generous, her weakness made them strong, and her pain made them happier. When Pecola's father, Cholly Breedlove, was caught as a teenager in a field with Darlene by two white men, ?never did he once consider directing his hatred toward the hunters?(150), rather her directed his hatred towards the girl because hating the white men would ?consume? him. He was powerless against the white men and was unable to protect Darlene from them as well. This caused his to hate her for being in the situation with him and for realizing how powerless her really was. Also, Cholly felt that any misery his da ughter suffered was his fault, and looking in to Pecola's loving eyes angered him because her wondered, ?What could her do for her - ever? What give her? What say to her(161) Cholly's failures led him to hate those that he failed, most of all his family. Pecola's mother, Polly Breedlove, also wrongly placed her anger on her family. As a result of having a deformed foot, Polly had always had a feeling of unworthiness and separateness. With her own children, ?sometimes I'd catch myself hollering at them and beating them, but I couldn't seem to stop?(124). She stopped taking care of her own children and her home and took care of a white family and their home. She found praise, love, and acceptance with the Fisher family, and it is for these reasons that she stayed with them. She had been deprived of such feelings from her family when growing up and in turn deprived her own family of these same feelings. Polly ?held Cholly as a mode on sin and failure, she bore him like a crown of thor ns, and her children like a cross?(126). Pecola's friend Claudia is angry at the beauty of whiteness and attempts to dismember white dolls to find where their beauty lies. There is a sarcastic tone in her voice when she spoke of having to be ?worthy? to play with the dolls. Later, when telling the story as a past experience, she describes the adults' tone of voice as being filled with years of unfulfilled longing, perhaps a longing to be themselves beautifully white. Claudia herself was happiest when she stood up to Maureen Peal, the beautiful girl from her class. When Claudia and Freida taunted her as she ran down the street, they were happy to get a chance to express anger, and ?we were still in love with ourselves then?(74). Claudia's anger towards dolls turns to hated of white girls. Out of a fear for his anger the she could not comprehend, she later tool a refuge in loving whites. She had to at

SWOT 3 Example

SWOT 3 Example SWOT 3 – Book Report/Review Example SWOT 3 SWOT 3 Charles Krug Winery This is a good example of a company which did not deal with their weaknesses. Charles Krug Winery was located in Napa Valley. This was a family-owned winery and it had severe disputes over its control. Family members argued over who should take certain managerial positions. Every member of the family had their own interest in running the company (Perry, 2002). One son was obsessed with managing the finances of the company in which he was not qualified for. This was the same case with other members who wanted to manage various operations of the company in which they were not qualified for. There were various attempts to solve these conflicts but the family members could not come to an agreement. Those who occupied managerial positions in which they were not qualified made poor decisions and this led to poor performance of the business. The family did nothing to solve this key weakness of poor management. Poor decisions sometimes led to signing of cont racts with growers who had vineyards that did not produce best grapes (Perry, 2002). Creating wines with these poor quality grapes produced bad wines which eventually led to low prices for their wines. Charles Krug winery was sometimes known to produce bad tasting wines and their wines were not popular like for their competitors. This made them to face stiff competition and they eventually sold the company to Robert Mondavi (Perry, 2002). Www. Mondavi.comReferencesPerry, S. (2002). A Comparison of Failed and Non-Failed Small Businesses in U.S.A. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 7(4), 415-421.

The Classroom Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Classroom Plan - Essay Example As I have grown and become a mother, my philosophy on children, how they learn and grow has evolved. Personally, I have witnessed my children grow stage by stage and what each stage entailed in their development. It is amazing how one moves from one stage to another. Physically, it is obvious, but cognitively, it takes a while to realize that they grow out from being babies sooner than I expect. I believe that there are certain skills that develop per stage and that they learn from developmentally-appropriate activities before they can progress to another level. I have also learned that children are capable of learning if they are just trusted enough to be let go to explore and discover things for themselves and even solve simple problems on their own. In allowing them such, it communicates to them is respect for their own learning styles. An educational approach that adheres to a constructivist philosophy, is usually based on the theories of Piaget or Vygotsky. A Piagetian-based classroom promotes discovery learning, sensitivity to childrens readiness to learn, and acceptance of individual differences (Berk, 2008). A Vygotskian-based classroom on the other hand, emphasizes assisted discovery, in which both teacher guidance and peer collaboration are virtually important (Berk, 2008). Taken together, both will highly benefit the preschool child. I also subscribe to Howard Gardner’s (1983) Multiple Intelligence theory. It has motivated educators and ordinary people to think that each person has a giftedness that makes him special in his own way. Gardner claims that intelligence is not limited to the cognitive domain, as traditionally conceptualized. He views it in a much broader sense to include the individual’s affective, social and creative domains. He has come up with a number of intelligences a person possesses within him, as

Government Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Government Class - Essay Example Republican and Democratic candidates for President, as evidenced by their campaign rhetoric, appear as if they agree on an issue. Both have espoused funding renewable energy sources such solar, wind, and bio-fuels but their motivations are as different as the ideological chasm that exists in the parties themselves. Democrats have made global warming a centerpiece of their campaigns and renewable energy is but a part of that while Republicans make only glancing mention of man’s influence on climate changes. Alternative forms of energy, according to Republicans are beneficial because it will reduce the amount of oil imported from the countries that support terrorism. In support of their global warming platform, Democrats also want to reduce pollution emitted from factories and increase the efficiency of automobiles. In addition, Democrats oppose the concept of liquid coal as a replacement for coal saying that it would produce greenhouse gasses at an unacceptable rate. Republican s generally support liquid coal. Moore’s article points out that environmentalist groups have dismissed the Republican stance on renewable energy as ingenuous and motivated by political ambitions rather than concern for the environment. The Republicans make a good point. Encouraging the use of renewable forms of energy by investing federal funds, if advanced on a massive scale, may decrease the amount of foreign oil that must now be imported. Because much of it is found in the Middle East region of the world, this has historically been a volatile area and largely unfriendly to the U.S., not depending on this region for the country’s ‘life blood’ is a great idea. The Democrats mention this aspect of their renewable energy argument in passing and maybe they should bring it up more often to score more political points in the

The Morality Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Morality - Case Study Example d that by doing the right thing for the right reason, a person’s values and moral ideas become even more solid if undergoing a similar situation (Hamm 151). Simply put, morality of actions create less harm but not necessarily much more positive events for all parties involved (Brandt 58). As an example regarding morality is the raising of children in full awareness of all things that are universally known to be moral and ethical. Parents can either choose to let others do it for them, by letting the children become aware of what is right or wrong, under the guidance of authorities such as teachers, law enforcement officers, and the like. If the parents could possibly can, they could also teach their own children instead, and using their own words, ideas, beliefs as well as their own personal experiences, bring to them either simplified or complex thought patterns that would be accepted by the society as moral and just. Still another way of teaching children would be by using the power of punishment in cementing the ideas of morality by association with pain, physically or otherwise. However, there is still a debate as to whether punishment would be able to send the message or not to younger folk (Hamm 114). Punishment could very much bring the idea of right or wrong but at times the effect would not last as long due to other factors that may well be outside of the sphere of influence of the home. Still, despite the fact that children can be very much affected by anything from outside the home, parents would still be judged based on the actions of their offspring, thus bringing up the idea that parents have a greater moral obligation of raising children that would be functional and effective members of the society, rather than letting them grow up blind to the morals of the society. In relation to the concept of moral obligations, another aspect of morality is the application of the concept of utilitarianism, wherein the final result would justify the means by

Physical And Slapstick Comedy Film Studies Essay

Physical And Slapstick Comedy Film Studies Essay Early film comedy certainly focuses more on physical comedy-the slap in the face, the anvil falling on a head kind of stuff. With film being silent, you had to focus on body language to convey meaning. Plots were usually ridiculous and as one punch was being set up, another was being knocked-down. When we finally put sound to film, everything changed. Not only did plot improve, but sound effects added to the mood and tone of a piece. In October, 1927, The Jazz Singer, the first talkie by Warner Brothers, introduced some limited audio. It included the music and some background and sound effects, but no dialogue. It would be another year before dialogue would be included. For one, the technology hadnt been created and many filmmakers and critics, who worried that a focus on dialogue would subvert the unique aesthetic virtues of soundless cinema, (wiki 1). The first feature film to include dialogue was also a Warner Brothers film, The Tenderloin, though only 15 of its 88 minutes actually had dialogue, (wiki). Unfortunately for those comedians who made a career in the world of silent film, such as Charlie Chaplin and, Anny Ondra, didnt fair well in the talkies. The few who did make the transition flourished. Martin Sills and Al Jolson continued their success, while the Marx Brothers finally found their niche. Having found fame in Vaudeville, the Marx Brothers came to the silver screen in their first motion picture Cocoanuts (1929). The Brothers always played the same characters, Groucho, Harpo, Chico, and Zeppo and was instantly recognized because of their avant-garde personas. There comedy style was very slap-stick (even violent) and sometimes non-sensical. The fact is, slap-stick comedy is often violent and not equally funny. If you filled a room full of a hundred people and showed them old-comedy reels, not everyone would laugh. At times, I was the person not laughing. I discovered that the humor had a lot to do with context and background. In One Week, a couple is crossing a train track and narrowly misses being hit by a train. Then, on key, a train hits their stuff from the other direction. Funny stuff, right? Perhaps not if you recently had a friend killed by a train. I paid more attention this semester when watching popular television shows such as Americas Funniest Home Videos. I discovered that I often gasped in disbelief, not laughter. A middle-aged-man acting like a monkey on a trampoline is funny, but Im not sure how him falling off, face first, doesnt make more people think of the life time of medical bills or rehabilitation he might have to endure. I assume that my background in caring for someone injured and the struggles Ive had with injury have tarnished my ability to find humor in dangerous situations. The humor might be lost on the few who look at these situational comedies differently. These films (Duck Soup and Slapstick Masters) also pioneered some of the situational comedy that is still popular today. Some of these examples include: the anvil on the head, the near-miss train, sawing the wrong end of beam, etc. When these films were popular, it was the first time people saw these skits and stunts. I would imagine that audiences were in stitches. And, when you look at the seriousness of their lives, war, depression, and economic collapse, this type of humor was a welcome break from factory life. They needed that release. My generation grew up watching full-color, full-access cable and weve seen hundreds of these skits time and time again. I found the old Charlie Chaplin and Marx Brothers routines to be predictable. Basically, Ive seen it before. The mirror routine that the Marx Brothers perform in Duck Soup, Ive seen at least twice, in The Parent Trap and Strictly Business. I have thousands of hours of cartoons catalogued in my brain. The Road Runner and Wylie Coyote used a lot of these slap-stick techniques such as the classic stick of TNT, with a faulty fuse, that explodes on the initiator. We also have some modern slapstick heros such as Jim Carey and Chevy Chase. And Saturday Night Live is full of physical comedy and off-color humor. It appears the older I get the more I prefer satire or intellectual comedy. I dont want to be handed the joke I want to work for it. I think the Cohen Brothers share my philosophy and tend to produce dark comedies. The Big Lebowski, one of the few Cohen films I was not familiar with, definitely uses satire. The Dude gets roped into a scheme to save Bunny, a near-broke millionaires trophy wife from kidnappers. The Dude was originally mistaken for the millionaire when a group of thugs came to collect a debt from him. They ruined his rug and the Dude sought out the real Lebowski for restitution. He takes a rug and returns to his humdrum life, bowling with his inept friends and smoking pot. The film has a huge cast of characters, and each one adds some twist to the plot. In the end, we find that Bunny returns from holiday (unbeknownst to her husband) and Mr. Lebowski turns out to be as crooked as his fake kidnappers. The Dude returns to his normal life and continues to bowl, albeit one friend less. This is the kind of irony-ridden, plot twisting, ridiculousness, I just love and it makes you laugh. Its absurd. We certainly saw a wide-range of comedic works this semester. I was introduced to works Ive never seen, a few I never heard of, and several I would have never watched on my own. I understand a bit more about why people find some thing things humorous while others do not. I also learned more about early American film, and how actors of the day, especially from Vaudeville struggled to make the shift from a live audience to that of paid-patrons of the silver-screen. Comedy is perhaps the hardest type of writing to produce and perhaps the hardest to perform because of the endless variables of the audience. Humor is fickle, but if you find it, laughter can be timeless.

We Must Work Together to Reduce Domestic Violence Essay -- Violence Aga

Domestic violence is an act of crime which occurs in domestic household units. It is also known as as spousal abuse or family violence. Domestic violence is not only related to physical abuse but also emotional, sexual, financial, mental and verbal threats. According to ( Human Right Watch, 1995) cited from Macionis, John J., 2008. Domestic violence is defined as bodily harm, usually accompanied by verbal threats and harassment, emotional abuse or the destruction of property as means of coercion, control, revenge, or punishment on a person with whom the abuser is in intimate relationship. Besides that, according to an article by Women’s Aid, the government defines violence as any incident of threatening behavior, violence or abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial or emotional) between adults who are or have been intimate partners or family members, regardless of gender or sexuality. Domestic violence can happen and may happen to any individual despite th eir gender, social class or status, life style, age, family background, race, ethnicity or place of living. Any individual can be a victim of domestic violence. Based on an article titled Physical Violence against Women the World Health Organization reported that 40 to 70 percent of women were murdered in the United States, Canada, Australia and Israel by their husbands or male partners. Domestic violence can be categorized into different categories. Firstly, is physical violence. Physical violence is physical abuse whereby the abuser will hit, kick, burn, punch, slap, smack and perform any action using body or objects that will hurt and bruise the victim’s physical health. An example of physical abuse is severe burns on the body due to cigarette burns. Secondly is emotional abuse. Emotional abuse is just opposite of physical abuse because the abuser will use harsh, vulgar and negative words to emotionally abuse the victim. The implication of verbal abuse such as yelling, isolation, name-calling and shaming also falls in the same category of emotional abuse. For example, shouting out vulgar words is a form of emotional abuse. Emotional abuse can cause severe depression and also lack of confidence. Besides that, it can also cause decrease of self worth and independence. Thirdly is financial abuse whereby the abuser will financially torture their victims who ar e usually their spouse or... ...d the news via online sources such as electronic mails (e-mail), facebook, twitter and etc. We can use these social webs to spread awareness regarding domestic violence and help public to prevent them from being a victim. The public must learn to speak up whenever they encounter domestic violence or abuse instead of keeping quiet and suffering. They should not hesitate and must be brave enough to lodge a complaint. As a conclusion, every individual must play their part in order to stop domestic violence from occurring or getting worse. Domestic violence will not only hurt and harm human beings but also affects the country and nation. We should be more cooperative and work together to overcome domestic violence and abuse. We must show more love for each other, be more concern, understand each other feelings and the rights of being a human being. Therefore, we must live together in happiness, peace and harmony. Works Cited Macionis, John J. 2008. Social problems, 3rd edition, Pearson Prentice hall: New Jersey.

Diabetes Treatments Essay

Diabetes and Treatment Diabetes is a group of diseases that result from a defect in the body’s ability to maintain a homeostatic glucose level. The defect may be in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Diabetes can be classified as Juvenile, Type 1, Type 2, or Gestational. Distinction between the different classifications is based on the circumstances present at time of the diagnosis. Defect in insulin secretion Type 1 diabetes is an absolute deficiency in insulin secretion in the pancreatic islets. Type 1 diabetes can be confirmed by serological evidence of an autoimmune process and genetic markers. Type 1 is the results from a cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of the ÃŽ ²-cells of the pancreas. These patients are dependent on insulin to survive and have a high risk of being ketoacidosis when first diagnosed. Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes or noninsulin dependent diabetes has a gradual onset and patients may take years to identify common symptoms. Autoimmune destruction of ÃŽ ²-cells does not occur. Insulin secretion is defective in these patients and insufficient to compensate for insulin resistance. These patients are usually obese or carry extra fat in the midsection of the body. Gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes (GDM) is recognized as any glucose intolerance that is diagnosed initially during pregnancy. â€Å"The definition applies regardless of whether insulin or only diet modification is used for treatment or whether the condition persists after pregnancy.†(â€Å"ADA,† 2004, para. 26) If a patient is diagnosed with GDM the patient may not continue to be diabetic after delivery or may develop Type 2 diabetes immediately after delivery or later  in life. Women who have had GDM have a 35% to 60% of developing diabetes in the next 10 to 20 years according to the National Diabetes Fact Sheet of 2011. Treatment for Gestational Diabetes The first line treatment for GDM is nutritional therapy and education. It is not recommended for pregnant females to lose weight. The current recommendations of restricting carbohydrate intake to 35 to 40% of dietary calories, there is debate about restricting calorie intake, due to the effects of reduce calories on the fetus. The recommendation by the American Diabetes Association for patient’s that have a body mass index greater than 30 kg per m2 is to decrease the calorie intake by 30 to 33% of daily intake. If the patient is unable to maintain blood glucoses 105 mg per dL in the fasting state and 120 mg per dL two hours after meals then either insulin or oral medications are recommended. There has been no documented evidence that either form is better at maintaining normal plasma glucose. Patients must be educated on taking her blood glucose often, usually at least four to five times per day. Initial treatment for GDM with insulin maybe either via multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Regular and neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, both of which are classified as pregnancy category B, have been the classic initial therapy. Recently, rapid-acting insulin aspart has been approved for use in pregnancy, and lispro is considered a treatment option for patients, 70/30 aspart mix and 75/25 lispro mix are pregnancy category B. For basal insulin, detemir is recommended during pregnancy but remains a pregnancy category C.(Jodon, 2011) Short term effects of GDM The short term effects of GDM are usually seen in the fetus. In the early weeks of pregnancy it is thought that uncontrolled hyperglycemia may cause birth defects that include neural tube defects, cardiac malformations, and early loss of pregnancy. In later weeks there is evidence that the maternal hyperglycemia crosses the placenta and causes â€Å"fetal hyperglycemia, compensatory fetal hyperinsulinemia, and consequently increased adipose deposition of nutrients, resulting in macrosomia.†(Jodon, 2011, para. 7) The effects on the infant can last beyond the womb. The infant may have to be  delivered by c-section due to macrosomia. An infant that has been exposed to hyperglycemia levels in utero may need support after delivery for hypoglycemia due to the infant’s pancreas secreting large amounts of insulin. Long term effects of GDM The long term effects of GDM are currently being studied. In recent years there have been correlation studies between GDM and Type 2 diabetes diagnoses later in life. The long term effects of GDM on the infant include an increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes later in life. If a patient does not make modifications to lifestyle and diet choices then she may continue to need insulin to keep her blood glucose at a healthy level. The most recent recommendation from the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology is to retest GDM patients six to twelve weeks after delivery for hyperglycemia; the recommendation was made to catch early indications of Type 2 diabetes. Summary Diabetes can affect any person, whether a fetus or an older adult. The long term effects of gestational diabetes are not just on the mother but can have long term effects on the child also. The diabetic mother needs to understand the changes she makes during her pregnancy can help her after pregnancy from becoming an insulin dependent diabetic and also lower the chances of her child developing diabetes. Educating the patient includes modifications to diet, exercise, glucose monitoring, and appropriate medication regimen. Education is the key to helping patients maintain good glucose control and decrease their future risk. References Arcangelo, V. P., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice: A practical approach (3 ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. (2004). Retrieved from dio:10.2337/diacare.27.2007.S5 Jodon, H. (2011). New Standards of Care for Gestational Diabetes. Retrieved from Clinicians Review: http://www.clinicianreviews.com/home/article/new-standards-of-care-for-gestational-diabetes/43f9e46f915c950c0d48257fbbe7bb52.html McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2012). Understanding Pathophysiology (5th Custom Edition

Essay on Palestinian Israeli Conflict

Essay on Palestinian Israeli Conflict Essay on Palestinian Israeli Conflict Munther Dajani Professor Larsen Writing 121 Nov. 8th, 2012 Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: Unit 2 â€Å"The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is one of the most enduring and complex in the modern world and continues to entangle and engage the international community to this day.† (Milton-Edwards 2). It seems as though every super power and any international affairs controversies are constantly enveloped in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, as you know. Why is such an important matter, like this conflict, in politics around the world? Most people here in the U.S. believe that this is a conflict due to the Middle East’s constantly reoccurring conflicts and will usually side with the Israeli’s, due to their western support. It impacts much of the Middle East conflicts and politics, which seem to be extremely abundant in our news today. This conflict takes place in what is now known as the Palestinian territory and the state of Israel. Palestine, as it was once known and still called by the Arabs and Palestinians who refuse the acceptance of an Israeli state, is one of the holiest places on Earth, containing holy sites for all three of the major religions; Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. Genocide, occupation, terrorism, refugees, war crimes, and peace agreements are all topics that can surface when this topic is discussed. The relationship between the Israelis and Palestinians is a deep and complex one and cannot be simply explained or solved. The United States, Britain, France, and many nations in the Middle East all had major parts in the birth of the Israeli state. Following events that took place in Europe, such as the holocaust, colonialism, and world wars, aided in the development of a Jewish state, which was established not under the Jewish peoples, but through the British occupied Palestine, who essentially created the state of Israel with British foreign interests in mind. Obviously, this caused alarm for the Palestinian peoples and initiated the foundation for the present conflict. To me, I feel connected to this topic because I have personally been to Palestine and Israel and have seen the situation that it is today. I have relatives that live there and what I have seen has been alarming as to what I have learned about the situation. Decades of war and bloodshed bring us to the problematic situation of today, where peace negotiations still seem to be but imperfectly realized by both sides of the conflict. So then, why is peace so difficult to achieve and can the actions taken to create a Jewish state be justified? First, we start by exploring the complex historical background of the conflict before us. Palestine was its own state under control by the Muslim Ottoman Empire, which controlled much of the Middle East region. Why then, did this Jewish immigration begin and with the help of the British? In Beverly Milton-Edwards’, Professor in the School of Politics, International Studies and Philosophy at Queens University Belfast and author of Islamic Foun dationalism Since 1945 and Contemporary Politics in the Middle East, The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A People's War, states that, â€Å"factors such as the spiritual attachment and renaissance in romantic Christian association with Zion and the Jewish people, led to a growing sympathy for the Zionist cause of a Jewish state.† (Milton-Edwards 3). Dr. Milton-Edwards may have bias with the Israeli position because of his background in England and Israel. His book seems legitimate since it was published and reviewed. Knowing that the British have history with the idea of supporting the Jewish state, it explains why they would help establish Israel for the Jewish people. But question is then, why would there be interest for the British to waste time and resources on helping out the Zionist idea? Well, Dr. Milton-Edwards also explains how by establishing this Jewish state in the Middle East, it would give the British a slice of control over the Middle East region

Free Essays on Themes Of Freedom In Chopin’s “The Story Of An Hour”

now reflected freedom or breaking from bondage. At the beginning of the story, Louise Mallard has just learned of her husband’s death. Chopin describes Louise as a woman who is â€Å"afflicted with heart trouble† and not capable of handling news of death. Her sister, Josephine, and her husband’s friend, Richards, both expect her reaction to cause problems with her heart. These lines reflect how she is viewed in her household. Chopin hints that she is treated as a prisoner, not allowed to enjoy life because of her ailments. From the very beginning, the reader gets the idea that Mrs. Mallard was oppressed in her marriage. When the news of Mr. Mallard’s death finally reaches Louise, she is described as not reacting as many women would. â€Å"She wept as once, with a sudden, wild abandonment† and then retired to her room â€Å"when the storm of grief had passed.† The quick passing of her grief is something that surprises her. Louise begins to reflect upon her situation and rationalizes her reaction. Here the story changes tone and become happy. Almost directly to the reader, Chopin manages to relate her views on relationships. While coming to terms with her situation, Louise bluntly states that â€Å"there would be no one to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men... Free Essays on Themes Of Freedom In Chopin’s â€Å"The Story Of An Hour† Free Essays on Themes Of Freedom In Chopin’s â€Å"The Story Of An Hour† Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a short, yet complex piece. In only a few paragraphs, Chopin manages to describe the final hour or Mrs. Louise Mallard while giving the reader hidden details about her life. This story is overflowing with symbolism. The most prominent theme that I perceived was a longing to be free. Chopin uses words that would that would suggest imprisonment in the first few paragraphs of the story. After Mrs. Mallard has reflected upon her situation and realized that she was no longer married, the descriptive words now reflected freedom or breaking from bondage. At the beginning of the story, Louise Mallard has just learned of her husband’s death. Chopin describes Louise as a woman who is â€Å"afflicted with heart trouble† and not capable of handling news of death. Her sister, Josephine, and her husband’s friend, Richards, both expect her reaction to cause problems with her heart. These lines reflect how she is viewed in her household. Chopin hints that she is treated as a prisoner, not allowed to enjoy life because of her ailments. From the very beginning, the reader gets the idea that Mrs. Mallard was oppressed in her marriage. When the news of Mr. Mallard’s death finally reaches Louise, she is described as not reacting as many women would. â€Å"She wept as once, with a sudden, wild abandonment† and then retired to her room â€Å"when the storm of grief had passed.† The quick passing of her grief is something that surprises her. Louise begins to reflect upon her situation and rationalizes her reaction. Here the story changes tone and become happy. Almost directly to the reader, Chopin manages to relate her views on relationships. While coming to terms with her situation, Louise bluntly states that â€Å"there would be no one to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men...

American History - 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

American History - 8 - Essay Example ____ Bruce Baston ______ †¢ Development of a new national culture †¢ Advertisement needs increased †¢ Son of Protestant Clergyman worked voluntarily for the American army †¢ Love for Jesus – made Sunday a â€Å"Jesus day† †¢ First cargo started and completed its journey †¢ Religious activities increased †¢ Drinkers said to be bad people of the society †¢ ‘Do the right’ was a motive †¢ Would be the cause of future border disputes †¢ Twelve failed businessmen made best organizations and conquered the world of business 3. ____ The Long Plan ______ †¢ Senator, Huey P. Long presented Long Plan. †¢ A limited amount of wealth should be allocated to people. †¢ Excessive amount of wealth, which a person has in addition to the wealth limit, should go to government for public usage. †¢ Capital levy tax should be there and with increasing wealth, tax rate should be increased. †¢ Inheritance tax should be imposed so that people receiving inheritance wealth should be restricted to its usage and extra amount should go to government. †¢ Restrictive imcome tax for those earning more than 1,000,000 per year. †¢ All taxes should be paid by fortune holders and not common people. †¢ Limits for better survival of everyone. †¢ Wealth of the land belongs to people of the land. †¢ The powerful should work for the well being of all by bordering their fortune. 4. _____ Cultural conflicts between Black and White ________ †¢ US companies started trading with Negros in Africa, West Indies, South and Central America †¢ Universal Negro Improvement Association was established to discourage race †¢ Rubber and Tire companies established in Liberia by White †¢ Writers and great thinkers played a major role in the culture change of America †¢ A majority of Negros started migrating in New York cause a dominant cultural change in America †¢ Conf licts arise between white and black due to bias publications †¢ Idea of merging culture failed and white and black become enemy †¢ England and France were the only countries considered to keep Liberia †¢ Writers started preaching black separatism, rather than a continued quest for racial Integration. †¢ Negro’s Association becomes difficult to destroy 5. _ The Ku Klux Klan 1924__ †¢ Klan uses Print Media to deliver its message to white supremacy †¢ The Klan published The Good Citizen and The Klan’s fight for American †¢ A woman published America for Americans from Ku Klux Klan †¢ â€Å"Hail Mary, Mother of God,† was on everyone’s lips †¢ Privilege given to Ku Klux Klan under the Constitution of the United States of America †¢ Individualism cannot be maintained as the foundation of society †¢ Christians tried to grab the society †¢ Laissez Faire abandoned †¢ Inequality of tyrannies, dominatio ns and injustice spread in the country †¢ This lead American Individualism in the state. Part Two: Essays After reading the chapters, write three essays/discussion questions: 1. Explain the significance of American Individualism. 2. What effects did the Red Cross services have in the United States? 3. Explore the impact of the cabinet meeting. Was it a success or foolish act? Why? From the above list, respond to one of the above questions: 1. American call themselves the

Machine guns Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Machine guns - Essay Example . automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger† (National). This is one example where laws confuse us more than help. The machine gun has had a checkered history; it was invented in the mid nineteenth century by Dr. Richard Jordon Gatling, and was known as the Gatling gun. He patented his invention in 1861. The Gatling gun was the first rapid firing gun which can precisely be referred to as the ancestor of modern machine gun. Dr Gatling said â€Å"it occurred to me that if I could invent a machine-a gun- which could by its rapidity of fire enable, one man to do as much battle duty as a hundred that it would to a large extent supersede the necessity of large armies and consequently, exposure to battle and disease would be greatly decreased (Richard par 4).† This was followed in 1885 by a Maxim gun which was the first machine gun that was self powered, in that it used the recoil energy of the previous bullet to load and fire the next bullet. The modern machine gun is a development of the Maxim gun. All machine guns for firing use a basic mounting which is as follows People have been collecting guns all over the world for decades. It is similar to people like collecting swords. But now a new hobby has emerged of collecting machine guns in most countries of the world, owning a machine gun is illegal, but in the United States 34 states of the union, it is legal for citizens to own and shoot with machine guns. In case you wish to start a hobby as a machine gun collector then please do ensure that the state you reside allows you to own a machine gun. In some states such as Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, New York, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Washington State and the district of Columbia, have a total ban on privately owned machine guns. However, despite the above quarters of million Americans own machine guns. The National Firearms Act 1934 is the nodal act that governs

Customer Service Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Customer Service - Assignment Example Customer service policy explains the code of conduct for employees; that is what they can do for customers and what they cannot do. The main purpose of evaluating the performance of customer service policy is to identify the ways through which customer satisfaction can be increased. Customer service policy is designed to assist employees by providing them guidelines on how to deal with customers and satisfy their needs. Customer service policy evaluation provides information to the management about the lacking in customer service policy and ways to make constructive changes in policy design and execution (Kim, Haung, & Young-Gul 3). The information collected through the customer service policy evaluation helps organization to understand the difference between actual employees’ performance and the predetermined standards. Customer service policy evaluation supports an organization in planning staff training and development programs. It provides accurate information about the job description of customer service employees and their training requirements. Effective evaluations provides information about the areas in which employees need training and management, design future training programs on the basis of collected information (Lawler et. Al 21). Effective and responsive customer service provision helps organization to exceed customer satisfaction and creates superior customer relationship (Lakos, and Phipps 5). Customer perception is influenced by providing better services to them. Post purchase services plays vital role in increasing customer satisfaction. Organizations that assure post purchase services are considered good where as those organizations who fail to deliver post purchase services lose its customers and market share. Setting customer service standards and evaluating them helps organizations to ensure that its customer relationship employees are working according to the requirements and policies. Companies whose customer care

How to reflate Frances economy Essay Example for Free

How to reflate Frances economy Essay Introduction There are two different ways to help France’s economy get back on track. They are austerity and growth. Austerity programs consist in a set of policies established by governments in financial debt difficulties. These policies aim to reduce spending for public goods and services. (Example in France, with president Sarkozy, approximately 150.000 civil servants were fired, this decreased the amount of money used to pay civil servants in France, which in turn, made it possible to run the country without having to borrow as much money). Growth programs consist in increasing the GDP and spending money, to reflate the economy. Of course this money has to come from somewhere, so growth programs often include imposing a lot of taxes. (Example in France, with president Hollande, taxes were imposed on bank profits, and taxes on the richest part of the population were increased). Economists are very divided on this subject, and both of theoretically work; it depends of the situation we are in. Economic Program Austerity is a short term solution only; a country’s economy cannot rely on it forever. This is why as a president; it would be good to start by making the debt of France smaller, then using this to our advantage, and Firstly, we have to make France more competitive. To do this, we will change the work time of the French, and their minimum age of retirement. Today, the French work on a minimum basis of 35 hours per week, and retire at a minimum age of 60. To make France more competitive, we will change these to 40 hours, and an age of 64. The average life span keeps on rising thanks to better health care; it would only go well for the economy if people were to work a few years more, because there would be less to pay for people who work. The 40 hours will be payed the same, because if there were the same amount of workers in a company but all of them had to be payed more, the company in question would either lose money in paying them, or fire a part of them. To increase competitivity, we have to make the price of production in France lower, so that fewer companies send their production in China for example. To do so, we have to lower the national insurance contribution payed by the employer to pay his workers in France. Products that are made in France will therefore be more expensive because the workers are payed in France than in China for example. To counter this, we will add a tax on products (depending on the price of the product) made in countries that have very cheap labor. (China, Vietnam, Turkey, Thailand, etc†¦) This will bring part of the production back to France, and the loss of money in the lowering of the national insurance contribution will be compensated by the tax. Next, we will reduce the salaries of the ministers and the president. The salaries of the ministers is now of 9940 euros (Under president Hollande), which will be reduced by 30%, leaving them with 6660 euros per month. The salary of the president is now of 14 910 euros (Under president Hollande); it will be reduced by 40%, leaving the president with 8950 euros per month. We would also stop having mayors in every single city, and do like in the U.S.A, which is to instate a governor for each department. This governor would be in charge of all the cities in his department, and when a decision is to be made, 20 inhabitants of the department will be called, to hold a â€Å"committee† and make the decision. It will be a duty, which means the inhabitants will have to go. This will help the economy, as there will be only one person to pay per department, and not dozens of mayors, it also gives a â€Å"voice† to the citizens in decision making. There are many people who are unemployed in France (10%) and receive unemployment benefit for a very long time, without trying to find work. As this does not motivate them to find one because they receive money without doing anything, we will keep on giving this unemployment benefit, but only for 2 months, the time for them to find work. This reform will motivate them to find work, this way they will be productive, therefore helping a company or industry to grow, and money will not be wasted. This change will of course also make unemployment decrease. Small companies are very important to the economy, as they might end up as the next multinationals, but they are heavily taxed, which makes them very hard for them to grow. If we make these taxes smaller, people would be encouraged to start their own companies, and this will create employment. Small companies that are already created will grow faster, and will create jobs, which will make the company itself more productive. These jobs will be there for the population receiving unemployment benefit. There will be a loss if we just relieve taxes on small companies, so we will compensate this by taxing bigger companies, which have already emerged, because they will not be affected by a tax as much as a small company. (The tax in question will not be too strong; it will just be enough to compensate for the loss in the tax relief on smaller companies) Education is a very important part of the French economy. Schools are here to â€Å"train† the future generations of workers. Access to education is free today in France, but the quality of this education is sometimes questionable. Firstly, there are not enough professors in the schools. It is logical that if there were to be one professor for 25 students, the quality of the education they would receive would be better than today, where we have in average one professor for 30 students. To compensate this lack of professors in schools, we will create 12000 jobs for professors in school; this will make the student/professor ratio smaller, which will increase the quality of the education received. To become a professor, you have to be â€Å"trained† two years in a university. This is not enough, considering the disciplinary problems in some schools. Professors should have 3 years of complete training, which would include a deeper disciplinary course, teaching methods, etc†¦ The principal sectors of production of France are agriculture, energy, tourism, trade and industry (France is one of the first industrial powers worldwide). Mass market retailing is choking the sector of trade, as it attracts the clients of little traders and makes mass profit out of it; it also allows itself to buy products at very low prices from producers (Farmers in the case of a supermarket). To resolve this problem, we would add a tax on products bought in mass market retailing services, which would bring clients back to the little traders, so that they don’t die out. Little trades do not buy products as low priced as supermarkets do, which would make money for producers. In the case of a supermarket, the trade and agriculture sector would both benefit from this tax. A French household produces in average 16.4 tons of Co2 every year; this is far too much. To avoid this, and preserve the environment, a tax will be imposed on households that end the year with more than 16 tons; of course this number will decrease every year to improve the given results. Renewable energies provide 13% of the electricity needed in France, nuclear energy provides 76% and fossil fuels provide 11%. We would invest in research for renewable energies (Hydro-energy, wind energy, solar energy), and close down the most risky nuclear reactors. (For example the 4 reactors in Blayais, Braud-et-Saint-Louis, which are not very productive and are very old and unsafe). Conclusion As a president, I would go towards austerity first, to reduce the debt of France, and to have more possibilities in my actions later. France is already in a dangerous situation, and going into a politic of growth would be spending too much money that we don’t have (Which is why I chose austerity as a short term solution), and it would be too much, France would go into a recession. After a period of austerity (Which means: after having reduced the debt), I would have gone in a politic of growth, which would have thrown France’s economy back on track.

Child Safeguarding At A Pre School Social Work Essay

Child Safeguarding At A Pre School Social Work Essay This assignment gives a general insight to my job role and responsibilities including achievements and targets that I have gained in my post so far regarding child safeguarding and continues working towards within the pre-school that I am currently employed by and represent. Showing awareness and understanding of working together with other outside organisations, services and sources that can connect daily to the children and pre-school environment. Demonstrate my knowledge and the importance of safeguarding following government definitions and guidelines that all professionals working with children, young people and families adhere to so that child safety is the priority achieved. As a pre-school worker my role is to nurture, teach and care for children aged 3-5 years in a pre-school setting either individually or in a group. My job description is to ensure children are safe and well cared for so they develop and are stimulated by age-appropriate activities in a safe suitable environment. Although childcare workers are not teachers we may encourage and teach basic skills to children such as social and interaction skills such as taking turns and sharing toys and hygiene procedures like flushing the toilet and then washing hands. In the pre-school we are organised to work on the whole as a team with each team member having a designated role for example one named person for first aid, or health and safety, or child safeguarding. Although all staff are required to have Criminal Record Bureau checks, qualifications and regular updated training in all of these areas of child care to produce good quality daily knowledgeable practice in the pre-school setting. Pre-school introduces children into learning for preparation starting school, many outside agencies integrates with/along side pre-school environments such as army welfare services, health services, local police officers, local primary schools, ofsted, speech therapists this is just a few. To achieve the best out of my role as pre-school worker it is important that I am managed well and feel supported individually and within my team, and resources are available to attend regular training and courses. Enabling me to keep up to date with policies, procedures and qualifications relevant and required to work with children. Training such as safeguarding children gains and reinforces the necessary skills and knowledge to identify, respond to signs and symptoms of children experiencing abuse at the same time being alert and reacting correctly and efficiently to all possible concerns and dangers. 1 In a talk by T G during a safeguarding children training course it was stated that the government provides definitions to guide all professionals working with children young people and their families to identify when there are serious causes for concerns about children these are: Different Brief Definition One Example of Abuse Categories Indicator Physical causing harm also includes unexplained or Fabricating symptoms of or inconsistent Deliberately induces illness in a child explanation of Injuries or Burns Emotional constant emotional maltreatment low self-esteem Of child such as to cause severe and Persistent adverse effects on emotional Development Neglect persistent failure to meet a childs basic lack of care Needs physically and/or psychologically inadequate Clothing, Heating, light Or food Sexual forcing, enticing, involving a child to unusual Participate in sexual activities including difficulty Viewing imagery also encouraging in walking Inappropriate sexual behaviour from a or sitting Child Wiltshire Local Safeguarding Children Board Updated May 2008 TG The government guidelines, working together to safeguard children (1999), Divide child abuse into four neat categories sexual, physical, and emotional And neglectful- but in reality many of this overlap. With any form of abuse There will be emotional abuse too, although this may occur on its own. As cited The Guardian 7 October 2008 2 Sharing information is for the purpose of safeguarding and Promoting the welfare of children, sharing information amongst Practitioners working with children and families are essential. In Many cases it is only when information from a range of sources Is put together that a child can be seen to be in need or at risk Of harm. A failure to pass on information that might prevent a Tragedy could expose you to criticism. As cited The Guardian 13 November 2008 Effective practice uses awareness and fully understands the importance of sharing concerns and information. We cannot afford to ignore signs at a risk of appearing foolish or alarmist, daily my role can identify families with needs that effect a childs well being, armed forces children are the majority at the pre-school, the issues that arise from parent/carer who can be isolated from family and friends by military postings, soldier spouses are often absent due to active duties or training. So a parent/carer could be experiencing difficulties such as financial worries, lack of support, worried about the well being of spouse on active duty for instance in Afghanistan, these issues interconnects amongst the whole family unit. So having the knowledge you are better equipped to listen hard and observe carefully the behaviours between child and parent/carer and alert to recognise signs and symptoms an example could range from inadequate parenting to inappropriate clothing for season of th e year, could show problems and a need for help, there are services that can offer support and assist the parents ability to care better for children before a situation gets out of hand but a lot of parent/carers feel ashamed, embarrassed, inhibited or simply just dont know how to access this help. Instead of intervening early and effectively, struggling local authorities Wait until children are in crisis, then act reluctantly, half-heartedly And ineffectively, its not their fault. The funding systems are designed In such away. As cited The Guardian 4 September 2009 In a talk on safeguarding children 6 November 2009 it was explained and stated If any support agencies were contacted directly by the family or referred by Their family GP at the request of the family for support, the agencies Assess the needs of the child by means of a Common Assessment Framework (CAF) and this ensures that everyone involved such as Pre-school worker, health visitor, police officer, social workers use This framework to work together and support the child and that child Receives the right support at an early stage before their needs increases. 3 Daily I can work closely with individual children, so there is opportunity and time to develop a relationship of trust giving a child an opening to talk, some children may not tell you, you might guess even been led by them to read between the lines. This is where knowledge and procedures are of key importance, so that you listen to the child and avoid any leading questions, being careful not to offend, intimidate the child or the situation as this could be the first and last attempt for a child needing to trust someone to disclose what may be happening to them in the hope of help, I would then Reassure the child the best I could and then explain as simply as I can so the child understands that the things said would need to be passed on to pre-schools supervisor as they will know best what to do. If a disclosure was made, I would then need to follow the pre-school settings policies and procedures we have in place

Optical Storage Mediums :: essays research papers

Optical Storage Mediums The most common way of storing data in a computer is magnetic. We have hard drives and floppy disks (soon making way to the CD-ROM), both of which can store some amount of data. In a disk drive, a read/write head (usually a coil of wire) passes over a spinning disk, generating an electrical current, which defines a bit as either a 1 or a 0. There are limitations to this though, and that is that we can only make the head so small, and the tracks and sectors so close, before the drive starts to suffer from interference from nearby tracks and sectors. What other option do we have to store massive amount of data? We can use light.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Light has its advantages. It is of a short wavelength, so we can place tracks very close together, and the size of the track we use is dependent only on one thing - the color of the light we use. An optical medium typically involves some sort of laser, for laser light does not diverge, so we can pinpoint it to a specific place on the disk. By moving the laser a little bit, we can change tracks on a disk, and this movement is very small, usually less than a hairÕs width. This allows one to store an immense amount of data on one disk. The light does not touch the disk surface, thereby not creating friction, which leads to wear, so the life of an average optical disk is far longer than that of a magnetic medium. Also, it is impossible to Ã’crashÓ an optical disk (in the same sense as crashing a hard drive), since there is a protective layer covering the data areas, and that the Ã’headÓ of the drive can be quite far away from the disk surface (a few millimeters compared to micrometers for a hard drive). If this medium is so superior, then why is it not standard equipment? It is. Most of the new computers have a CD-ROM drive that comes with it. Also, it is only recently that prices have come low enough to actually make them affordable. However, as the acronym states, one cannot write to a CD-ROM disk (unless one gets a CD-Recordable disk and drive). There are products however, that allows one to store and retrieve data on a optical medium. Some of those products are shown in table 1. However, the cost of this is quite high, so it doesnÕt usually make much sense for consumer use yet, unless one loves to transfers 20 megabyte pictures between friends.

Analysis Of “In Search Of Horatio Alger”

Philippe Bourgois’ 1989 article â€Å"In Search of Horatio Alger† takes a fairly sympathetic but nonetheless alarming look at the underground crack economy thriving in inner-city America. While he does not approve crack dealing or the violence it encourages, he demonstrates a solid grasp of why urban youth sometimes opt for this illegal trade, and he elaborates credibly on the â€Å"culture of poverty† idea scholars have debated for decades. After using a series of vignettes he gathered while observing the crack trade in New York’s Spanish Harlem, Bourgois segues into his analysis, which treats the crack economy like a business.He presents a context of socioeconomic change, in which well-paying manufacturing work has disappeared and been replaced by low-paying, poorly-regarding service-sector jobs. While many accept these, along with their exploitive conditions and low pay, others seek alternatives that seem less demeaning. Bourgois (1989, p. 626) writes, â€Å"These pariahs of urban industrial society seek their income, and subsequently their identity and the meaning in their life, through what they perceive to be high-powered careers ‘on the street.’† Though the crack trade is illegal and excluded from the mainstream economy, it nonetheless functions very much like a business and is indeed a sort of parallel. Not only does it provide sellers with income, but it also depends on control of designated territories (claimed and enforced through violence), has a clearly-defined hierarchy with bosses who collect receipts from workers on assigned shifts (and maintain discipline), competes for customers (also violently at times), and has an overriding concern for bottom lines.The chief difference, though, is the participants’ ethnicity (often black or Latino), their lack of education, and the heavy use of violence. Bourgois points out (1989, p. 632) that while legitimate businesses consider violence irrational and aberrant, within the crack world it â€Å"can be interpreted, according to the logic of the underground economy, as a judicious case of public relations, advertising, rapport building, and . . . ‘human capital development.’† Legitimate businesses use professional behavior, protocol, and nonviolent means of cultivating personal relations and enforcing their standards because violence deviates from their norms; in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods, though, violence is the norm and is highly effective. For these people, crack dealing represents a legitimate career not only because it is easy to enter, but mainly because it seems a viable alternative to the racial and social subordination inherent to service jobs.Bourgois rejects the notion that the urban poor are simply passive victims of a changing economy; instead, he argues that it is an active, advertent effort by the inner-city poor to create an economy that supports them and, perhaps more importantly, giv es them prestige, albeit on their own terms. They see no dignity in service-sector work and find independence, flexibility, and a respite from racism in this alternative economy. In addition, inner-city youth often encounter negative attitudes and have discouraging experiences in the legal economy, thus making crack dealing seem a viable alternative.Using the Puerto Ricans he met in Spanish Harlem as an example, Bourgois (1989, p. 626) writes that the urban poor are deemed â€Å"unemployable† and trapped in a culture of poverty, the existence of which has not been disproved after decades of scholarly debate. He adds (1989, p. 626) that â€Å"the media and a large portion of the inner-city residents themselves continue to subscribe to [the] culture-of-poverty concept. † Excluded by institutional racism, poor education, and troubled family lives, the urban poor are also beset by a changing economy that allows them to hold only menial, poor-paying jobs that offer little o r no advancement (1989, p.627). In fact, those who favor the crack trade view legitimate jobs with disdain, rejecting the system in ways that they believe it has rejected them. Bourgois (1989, p. 629) claims that because they are trained for subordinate roles by the educational system and offered only low-status jobs, such people sometimes react by developing a kind of â€Å"structurally induced cultural resistance† fed by deep frustration and anger. As he asserts (1989, p. 630), â€Å"The underground economy .. . is the ultimate ‘equal opportunity employer’ for inner-city youth. † Bourgois also implies that such feelings are understandable, especially given the fact that many in the crack economy had negative experiences in legal jobs, though he also concedes that not all of the working poor are automatically driven to illegal livelihoods. To his credit, though, Bourgois does not condemn the poor or claim that the socioeconomic system automatically drives them into lives of crime.Though the crack trade appears to some a viable alternative to jobs that earn little money or respect, Bourgois does not romanticize the crack dealer as a noble figure or excuse the crack economy in general. Instead, he condemns the effects crack has on inner-city neighborhoods; though a lucrative business, it is a destructive force because of the addictions it creates and the violence by which dealers create and maintain reputations. In his field work, Bourgois pays particular attention to the dealers’ machismo and alludes to the especially negative effects crack has on women.Though Bourgois claims (1989, p. 644) that poor women of color are actually more emancipated in recent years, since they work outside the home more than in past decades and are not as homebound as in previous generations. However, the crack economy puts women into an ugly paradox; those who attach themselves to the crack trade are usually hangers-on, attracted by the prospect o f money and drugs, and they often allow themselves to be treated more as objects than as people. Also, addiction forces some to turn to prostitution in order to support their habits, at the expense of their families.Few are allowed to become dealers; though Bourgois (1989, pp. 623-625) mentions one in his field observations, many are barred from street dealing because of their vulnerability to physical violence and, in a parallel with the legitimate economy, are barred from rising very far in this street economy. Women’s involvement is encouraged, but limited by the dynamics of machismo and the reality of physical violence as a means of building and maintaining reputations; they are as subordinate in this economy as they are in the legitimate one, albeit with vastly more damaging consequences in the former. As Bourgois explains (1989, p.645), â€Å"[The] proves of emancipation that has enabled women to demand equal participation in street culture and to carve out an expanded niche for themselves in the underground economy has led to a greater depreciation of women. . . .† Bourgois presents a credible explanation of why some of the urban poor are drawn to the underground crack economy. Their ambitions and energies, frustrated by social, educational, and economic conditions, are sometimes channeled into the violent, risky, but intensely lucrative crack trade because it represents, he claims, a sort of Horatio Alger â€Å"rags to riches† story for the post-industrial age.He does not demonize the poor as a whole, or even those who gravitate toward crack dealing, since he conveys an understanding of why they see few viable alternatives. On the other hand, he does not laud their participation in the underground economy; while he indicates the participants’ sense of rebellion and resistance against discrimination, he depicts the crack economy as a symptom of the much larger social problem of poverty without apparent escape or alternatives. The article also offers proof that a culture of poverty exists – the examples he uses paint a sordid picture in which the poor feel rejected by the establishment and thus create their own system, which is even more disastrous to their communities and lives. Bourgois, P 1989, â€Å"In search of Horatio Alger: culture and ideology in the crack economy,† Contemporary Drug Pr

rain forrsest essays

rain forrsest essays Rain forests may be grouped into two major types: tropical and temperate. Tropical rain forest is evergreen trees that form a closed canopy, below which is found a zone of vines and epiphytes where plants grow on trees, a relatively open forest floor, and a very large number of species of both plant and animal life. The largest trees have buttressed trunks above the continuous canopy, while smaller trees form a layer of more shade-delicate species beneath the upper canopy. The maximum height of the upper canopy of tropical rain forests is usually around 100 to 165 ft, with some individual trees rising as high as 200 ft above the forest floor. Conifers such as redwood and Sitka spruce tend to predominate in North America, while their counterparts in the southern hemisphere include various species of eucalyptus, Araucaria and Nothofagus. Th rain forest is home to many species of rare animals and plants. In the past and present history it has also been the home of over one hundred and twenty over the counte r prescriptions. All of this information has brought up the question that is on many minds, Should economic organizations, buisnesses and individual governments be allowed to continue the use and at times the abuse of the brazilian rain forest? Is economic advancement more important than the preservation of the rainforest. This is why we are the government has called on us. To find the facts and give it how it should be. Medicinal uses of the rain forests are a huge part of everyones lives. The rain Forrest has over 120 over the counter prescriptions and has made 12 billion dollars in sales. They say that the tropical rainforests cover seven percent of the earth and hold just about half of the world's animals. Also there is data that there may be about ten percent of useful Amazon plants now, and scientist's think that also there may be a cure for the AIDS ...